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How Urban Planners Caused the Housing Bubble

 
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jfunk138
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PostPosted: Mon Oct 05, 2009 6:45 pm GMT    Post subject: How Urban Planners Caused the Housing Bubble Reply with quote

http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=10570
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secretlyironic
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PostPosted: Mon Oct 05, 2009 9:33 pm GMT    Post subject: Um, no. Reply with quote

Sorry if this posts twice -- but the Cato link is pretty obviously false. Texas and Georgia have indeed suffered from a bubble. Cato seems to have begun with "I hate liberal do-gooders" and then moved on from there.
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balor123



Joined: 08 Mar 2008
Posts: 1204

PostPosted: Tue Oct 06, 2009 5:47 am GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

How do you figure? Certainly prices weren't immune there but have fallen roughly as expected due to a recession. I think Texas largely skirted the bubble, primarily because of growth friendly policies. It simply doesn't make sense to pay much more for existing houses when you can get a much nicer new one 5min down the road.

I suppose Texas could have gone the way of Arizona but it has an economy outside of real estate so the inventory isn't as big of a problem.

Another factor preventing bubble not mentioned is that Texas lacks a bubble culture - appreciating home prices are shunned by most due to the effect on real estate taxes (ironic for a Republican state). I can't cite any particular evidence for this case here except from my observations as a native Texan.
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PostPosted: Tue Oct 06, 2009 2:54 pm GMT    Post subject: Re: Um, no. Reply with quote

secretlyironic wrote:
Sorry if this posts twice -- but the Cato link is pretty obviously false. Texas and Georgia have indeed suffered from a bubble. Cato seems to have begun with "I hate liberal do-gooders" and then moved on from there.

I think you are confusing foreclosures with price changes. While yes there have been many foreclosures in Georgia and Texas, overall prices have remained relatively stable. Their data shows 0.4% decline in Texas and 4.8% decline in Georgia. This is consistent with Case-Schiller for these regions, so I have no reason to suspect the data.

The anti-development crosses party lines in Massachusetts, so I don't think you can say this an attack on liberals. In fact if there is one thing Massachusetts Democrats and Republicans can agree on it's a hatred of building. I'd take this article more as a "I hate realtors and their idea that your home is an investment."
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Renting in Mass



Joined: 26 Jun 2008
Posts: 381
Location: In a house I bought in December 2011

PostPosted: Tue Oct 06, 2009 3:58 pm GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'd take this article more as a "I hate realtors..."

I'm not a fan of much that comes out of the Cato Institute, but I can get behind that Wink
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john p



Joined: 10 Mar 2006
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PostPosted: Tue Oct 06, 2009 7:30 pm GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

I think a lot of it is that land is plentiful in areas like Texas and even their cities are more spread out and were planned when we had an automobiles.

Think about how much land costs here versus there.

Then think about how cheap labor is there. We have unions here and they have illegals down there.

Next, having to build a full basement to get under the frost line adds a lot to the house price.

Also, when you have an older city, you have more wealth accumulating. How many homes do you think are passed on from generation to generation? I'd say one out of every 4 homes is passed down to the next generation. Sometimes a house is sold and the money is split among the kids, so they can have a chunk of money for a down payment or to invest. Younger families that have to fend for themselves often just move to lower cost of living areas where the barriers to entry are lower and they can get more bang for their buck.

So let's do the math.

In Massachusetts:

A lot of land within the 128 belt is say $350,000, then say you build 2,500 s.f. at $140 per square foot that is another $350,000 and now you've got $700k for a new 2,500 s.f. house.


In Texas:

A lot of land is $60k and it costs about $90 per square foot to build so that 2,500 s.f. house is $285k.
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balor123



Joined: 08 Mar 2008
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PostPosted: Wed Oct 07, 2009 3:32 am GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

john p wrote:
I think a lot of it is that land is plentiful in areas like Texas and even their cities are more spread out and were planned when we had an automobiles.


Bingo. There's a lot of newer parts of Boston but planning for automobiles is just against our nature. There is plentiful land here as well we just choose not to use it or have poorly used what we have and aren't willing to pay the costs to fix the problems.

john p wrote:

Then think about how cheap labor is there. We have unions here and they have illegals down there.


I have to give unions some credit - without them they simply couldn't afford to live here. Of course, the result is that the middle class gets squeezed out. I wish Bostoners would simply recognize the fact that this area has a housing problem for middle class workers. There are certainly a lot of legals there but the vast majority of work isn't done by illegals.

Strangely, they don't have much of a problem with entitlements despite the larger portion of immigrants. Maybe it's because they don't need them just to get by?

john p wrote:

Next, having to build a full basement to get under the frost line adds a lot to the house price.


The costs of materials doesn't change much between states but the cost of land seeps into everything. This state also discourages large businesses from setting up efficient shop here, resulting in an effective tax for everyone for the benefit of a few.

john p wrote:

Also, when you have an older city, you have more wealth accumulating.


That helps keep the supply down but I don't think it drives up cost.

john p wrote:

A lot of land is $60k and it costs about $90 per square foot to build so that 2,500 s.f. house is $285k.


Both seem a little bit high but it depends on city. In San Antonio, that would put you into an upper middle class neighborhood.
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john p



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PostPosted: Wed Oct 07, 2009 1:44 pm GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

I think that Unions protect those that corporations can divide and conquer, but you have to admit they actually drive up the cost of living with their prevailing wages. Look at how Newton High School skyrocketted out of control because of the cost overruns, the taxpayers in Newton will have to absorb that while the Union contractors stuffed their pockets; same as the Big Dig. A healthy balance of Unions is healthy for a society, but Unions that are too strong can bury a society; take New Jersey. I don't care if a Union protects a brick layers back and sets the number of bricks they can lay in a day, but I think it is absurd that you can't have a non-Union guy pump your gas in New Jersey; that goes too far in my mind. At that point, the Unions drive business away. When the Unions push for casinos and don't care that thousands of families will be destroyed due to financial losses, they want their job no matter how much pain it causes for others, that's when they go too far. Why should I look out for them, when they don't look out for anyone but themselves either; they've become that which they protest, predators.

As far as illegals go, they are embedded here in Massachusetts for sure, I'd just assume that because Texas is closer to the Mexican Border that they'd have more of them there?

The point regarding the basement relates not so much to the cost of materials, but that it takes more material to build a foundation in Massachusetts than in Texas.

The point regarding the old money in Massachusetts does reduce supply like you mention and therefore increases demand, which puts upward pressure on prices in my view.

I'm not sure about the exact dollar per square foot in Massachusetts versus Texas, but I know it's a pretty sizeable spread. I"m not sure if urban planners are responsible for this.

My big question to you has to do with the economic fundamentals of Texas. I have debates with family members who argue that Texas has a lot of money because of oil and that Bush sent a lot of money back to his home state. I contend that because Texas is business friendly, it is a sanctuary state for capitalism. Unfortunately, I also see it as polluter friendly so it may attract some bad business.

As far as planning is concerned, I think you need to start to have a crisis before people wake up. Boston had their harbor polluted and had gridlock traffic for a long time becore they listened to planners. We laid out our whole highway system based on the assumption of one car per household (the wife stayed at home). Planners in Massachusetts allowed single families to be converted to two, three families and in areas like some neighborhoods in Waltham, the streets are now choked with parked cars on both sides, side yards and back yards are now parking lots. All the towns that fought this growth are now the elite towns. We have allowed snob zoning in Massachusetts. It is an infringement on freedom when someone is kept from putting up a tacky illuminated sign in a working class town, but you may as well have clubbed a baby seal in Weston if you propose to build anything other than a shingle-style home. It is really hypocritical when you see all these left-wingers who make fun of the right wingers when in reality, the elite left wing live in the most racially segregated towns i.e. Wellesley, Weston, Dover, etc.
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PostPosted: Wed Oct 07, 2009 3:14 pm GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

john p wrote:
I think a lot of it is that land is plentiful in areas like Texas and even their cities are more spread out and were planned when we had an automobiles.

Think about how much land costs here versus there.



The article addresses this discrepancy. It's easy to say there is lots of land in Texas, but that's only if you look far away from the city. In fact, I'd go as far as saying there is more "available" land inside the urban ring in metro Boston than metro Dallas due to the ridiculous zoning. Look at towns like Lexington. 8 miles from Boston yet there are parts you could mistake for "farm country." Though farther, Carlisle is probably the strongest example of urban planning gone horribly wrong. Here we have acres of land made artificially scarce by the heavy hand of the law. In Woburn near my home, there are 2 abandoned farms. (Surprise! It doesn't make economic sense to farm in the middle of an urban area). Both have easy access to 128 and yet sit vacant due to the heavy hand of the law. Land is only "scarce" in Massachusetts because the planners to decided to make it scarce.
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john p



Joined: 10 Mar 2006
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PostPosted: Wed Oct 07, 2009 5:57 pm GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

Yeah, but at a certain point it starts to get crowded. If you want to attract high level people you need certain towns near the city to be quiet and peaceful and exclusive. Some people wouldn't consider relocating to certain cities because they don't have any nice quiet towns to live in near their work.

I think they should focus on revitalizing cities like Lynn, which is on the ocean and train lines and take some old Building 19 1/2 and used car lots and turn them into nice parks and housing developments.
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balor123



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PostPosted: Thu Oct 08, 2009 4:40 am GMT    Post subject: Reply with quote

john p wrote:
A healthy balance of Unions is healthy for a society, but Unions that are too strong can bury a society


I'm not sure that I'd agree that they're healthy but in some instances tolerable. I just don't see where the check is for union power other than the destruction of the business and the union in many cases. As for contributing cost, I'm sure there is some I just don't have any numbers to quantify how much - you may be right.

john p wrote:

As far as illegals go, they are embedded here in Massachusetts for sure, I'd just assume that because Texas is closer to the Mexican Border that they'd have more of them there?


Oh certainly. Most people have maids for illegals but the big corporations that build most of the houses have a hard time hiring them. So it helps but most workers aren't illegal down there - it's not overrun with them (except maybe El Paso).

john p wrote:

The point regarding the basement relates not so much to the cost of materials, but that it takes more material to build a foundation in Massachusetts than in Texas.


They should have them more in Dallas to protect against tornadoes but most houses don't sadly.

john p wrote:

The point regarding the old money in Massachusetts does reduce supply like you mention and therefore increases demand, which puts upward pressure on prices in my view.


My point was just that a bunch of rich people moving down the Texas won't drive up the cost much except in their specific area because the cities will allow more development to make up for it. Contrast that with Boston where rich people seem to have overrun significant portions of the Greater Boston area.

john p wrote:

I'm not sure about the exact dollar per square foot in Massachusetts versus Texas, but I know it's a pretty sizeable spread. I"m not sure if urban planners are responsible for this.


Yes it's a big spread and it's a combination of bad planning and protectionism. Protectionism comes because of bad planning (more people = more traffic). We also have baggage now that household debt is so high here - very hard to deleverage.

john p wrote:

My big question to you has to do with the economic fundamentals of Texas. I have debates with family members who argue that Texas has a lot of money because of oil and that Bush sent a lot of money back to his home state. I contend that because Texas is business friendly, it is a sanctuary state for capitalism. Unfortunately, I also see it as polluter friendly so it may attract some bad business.


Houston is the most polluted. Texas has a very diverse economy today - high tech, medical, international trade, education, and finance. Boston cities have policies that drive away business - you want to build here, you have to pay for this traffic light and pay other special taxes.

Mostly, though, businesses like to grow and growth requires people. There are certainly a lot of people who want to live here but companies can't hire people to work for them. They can increase the pay but then that means someone else is displaced, causing some other company distress. Maybe we'll get some relief when boomers start moving to Florida but there's no good long term solutions. If this city wants to become serious about growing jobs, then it needs to become serious about growing people too.

john p wrote:

As far as planning is concerned, I think you need to start to have a crisis before people wake up. Boston had their harbor polluted and had gridlock traffic for a long time becore they listened to planners. We laid out our whole highway system based on the assumption of one car per household (the wife stayed at home).


CA is still messed up despite the crisis. The Boston Globe isn't a whole lot better. Too many parties which can each derail the process. We have political gridlock and the population seems to also lean towards entitlements rather than solutions. Maybe someday the debt market will balk and this state will be forced to reform.

john p wrote:

We have allowed snob zoning in Massachusetts.


Snob zoning the reason that cities like Waltham have to grow so much and it hurts the snob towns too because those people congest their towns as well. I hate to see such a big division of classes as well. Snob towns literally wall off the "affordable" parts (like Concord) to make sure there's no contamination.
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